Evolution Site - Teaching About Evolution
Despite the best efforts of biology teachers, there are still misconceptions about evolution. People who have absorbed the nonsense of pop science often believe that biologists do not believe in evolution.
This rich Web site - companion to the PBS series - provides teachers with materials that support evolution education and avoids the kinds of myths that hinder it. It's organized in a nested "bread crumb" format to facilitate navigation and orientation.
Definitions
Evolution is a complex and difficult subject matter to teach well. Non-scientists often misunderstand the subject, and some scientists even use a definition which confuses it. This is especially true when it comes to discussions on the nature of the word.
It is therefore essential to define the terms used in evolutionary biology. Understanding Evolution's website provides this in a straightforward and useful manner. The site is a companion to the series that first aired in 2001, but it is also an independent resource. The material is presented in a way that assists in navigation and orientation.
The site defines terms like common ancestor, gradual process and adaptation. These terms help frame the nature and relationship of evolution to other concepts in science. The website then provides an overview of how the concept of evolution has been tested and confirmed. This information can be used to dispel myths that have been engendered by creationists.
It is also possible to get the glossary of terms used in evolutionary biology. These terms include:
The process of adaptation is the tendency of heritable traits to be more suited to the environment. This is the result of natural selection. Organisms with more adaptable traits are more likely than those with less adaptable traits to survive and reproduce.
Common ancestor (also known as common ancestor) is the most recent ancestor shared by two or more species. The common ancestor can be identified through analyzing the DNA of those species.
Deoxyribonucleic acid: A large biological molecule that holds the information required for cell replication. The information is stored in nucleotides arranged in sequences that are strung together to form long chains, called chromosomes. Mutations are the basis for new genetic information in cells.
Coevolution is a relationship between two species in which the evolutionary changes of one species are influenced evolutionary changes in the other. Coevolution can be observed in the interaction of predator and prey, or parasites and hosts.
Origins
Species (groups of individuals that can interbreed) evolve through an array of natural changes in the characteristics of their offspring. The changes can be caused by a variety of causes that include natural selection, genetic drift, and gene pool mixing. The evolution of new species could take thousands of years. Environmental circumstances, such as climate change or competition for food and habitat can slow or speed up the process.
The Evolution site tracks the development of a number of different groups of animals and plants over time with a focus on the key transitions that occurred in the history of each group. It also explores human evolution, which is a topic that is of particular interest to students.
When Darwin wrote the Origin of Species, only a handful of antediluvian human fossils had been discovered. One of them was the infamous skullcap and associated bones found in 1856 in the Little Feldhofer Grotto in Germany which is now believed as an early Homo neanderthalensis. It is highly unlikely that Darwin knew about the skullcap, which was published in 1858, which was a year after the publication of the first edition of The Origin. Origin.
The site is primarily an online biology resource however it also includes many details on paleontology and geology. The most impressive features on the site are a set of timelines that illustrate the way in which climatic and geological conditions have changed over time and an interactive map of the distribution of some of the fossil groups featured on the site.
Although the site is a companion piece to the PBS television series, it also stands on its own as an excellent source for teachers and students. The site is well organized and provides clear links between the introduction information in Understanding Evolution (developed with support from the National Science Foundation) and the more specific components of the museum's Web site. These hyperlinks make it easier to transition from the cartoon style of Understanding Evolution pages into the more sophisticated worlds of research science. Particularly, there are links to John Endler's experiments using Guppies, which demonstrate the importance of ecology in evolutionary theory.
Diversity
The evolution of life has produced many species of animals, plants and insects. Paleobiology, the study of these creatures in their natural environment, has many advantages over modern observational or research methods of studying evolutionary phenomena. In addition to examining processes and events that occur frequently or over a long period of time, paleobiology can be used to study the relative abundance of various kinds of organisms as well as their distribution in space over the course of geological time.
The site is divided up into several paths that can be chosen to study the subject of evolution. One of these paths, "Evolution 101," takes the viewer through the evolution of nature and the evidence of evolution. The path also explores the most common misconceptions about evolution, as well as the evolution theory's history.
Each of the other main sections of the Evolution site is equally well created, with resources that can be used to support a range of curriculum levels and pedagogical styles. In addition to the standard textual content, the site features an array of multimedia and interactive content including videos, animations and virtual labs. The breadcrumb-like organization of the content aids in navigation and orientation on the vast Web site.
The page "Coral Reef Connections" For instance, it provides a comprehensive overview of coral relationships and interactions with other organisms, and then is enlarged to show one clam, which is able to communicate with its neighbors and react to changes in the conditions of the water that occur at the reef level. This page, along with the other multidisciplinary multimedia and interactive pages, gives a good introduction to a variety of topics in evolutionary biology. The material also provides an overview of the importance of natural selection as well as the concept of phylogenetic analysis, which is a key tool for understanding the evolution of changes.
Evolutionary Theory
For biology students, evolution is a key thread that weaves together all branches of the field. A rich collection supports teaching evolution across the disciplines of life science.
One resource, which is a companion to the PBS television series Understanding Evolution, is an exceptional example of a Web site that offers both the depth and breadth of its educational resources. The site features a wealth of interactive learning modules. It also features an "bread crumb structure" that helps students move away from the cartoon-like style used in Understanding Evolution and onto elements on this large website more closely related to the fields of research science. Animation that introduces the concept of genetics is linked to a page about John Endler's experiments in artificial selection using guppies on native ponds in Trinidad.
Another resource that is worth mentioning is the Evolution Library on this web site,
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Codeless.Systems, which has an extensive collection of multimedia assets related to evolution. The content is organized according to curricula-based pathways that correspond to the learning objectives set out in biology standards. It includes seven short videos designed for classroom use. They can be streamed or purchased as DVDs.
Evolutionary biology remains an area of study that poses many important questions,
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about his, including the causes of evolution and how quickly it happens. This is especially true for human evolution, where it has been difficult to reconcile that the physical characteristics of humans were derived from apes with religions that believe that humans are unique in the universe and has a special place in creation. It is a soul.
In addition, there are a number of ways that evolution could be triggered, with natural selection being the most widely accepted theory. However, scientists also study other types of evolution such as mutation, genetic drift, and sexual selection, among others.
While many fields of scientific study are in conflict with literal interpretations found in religious texts, the concept of evolution biology has been the subject of intense debate and resistance from religious fundamentalists. Certain religions have reconciled their beliefs to evolution while others haven't.